What can be found on the head besides lice? - briefly
The scalp can harbor dandruff, seborrheic dermatitis, fungal infections such as tinea capitis, psoriasis, and parasites like Demodex mites. It also accumulates oil, dead skin cells, and residues from hair‑care products.
What can be found on the head besides lice? - in detail
The scalp and hair host a diverse range of organisms, conditions, and substances that are not limited to parasitic insects.
Microbial flora includes bacteria such as Staphylococcus epidermidis and Propionibacterium acnes, which normally reside on the skin surface. Fungal species, particularly Malassezia spp., are common contributors to dandruff and seborrheic dermatitis.
Parasitic arthropods other than lice comprise head‑dwelling mites (Demodex folliculorum), which inhabit hair follicles and sebaceous glands, and occasionally nits of chewing lice in children.
Dermatological conditions manifest as visible deposits or lesions:
- Sebum excess produces oily sheen and greasiness.
- Seborrheic dermatitis yields flaky white or yellow scales.
- Psoriasis presents thick silvery plaques on the scalp.
- Contact dermatitis results in erythema and itching after exposure to irritants.
Physical residues accumulate from external sources:
- Cosmetic products (gel, mousse, hairspray) leave polymeric films that may harden.
- Environmental pollutants (dust, pollen, smoke particles) adhere to hair shafts.
- Hair care chemicals (perm solutions, dyes) create residual pigments and oxidative by‑products.
Structural anomalies are also detectable:
- Scarring alopecia produces fibrotic patches lacking hair.
- Folliculitis causes inflamed pustules centered on hair follicles.
- Follicular cysts appear as palpable nodules beneath the skin.
Each of these elements can be identified through clinical examination, microscopic analysis, or laboratory testing, providing a comprehensive understanding of scalp and hair composition beyond the presence of lice.