What are the symptoms of lice in children? - briefly
Typical signs include persistent scalp itching, especially behind the ears and at the nape, and the detection of live «lice» or their translucent eggs attached to hair shafts. Additional indicators are red bumps, soreness, and occasional difficulty sleeping caused by the discomfort.
What are the symptoms of lice in children? - in detail
Lice infestations in youngsters present a recognizable pattern of clinical signs. The most frequent indication is intense itching of the scalp, especially behind the ears and at the nape of the neck, caused by an allergic reaction to the insect’s saliva. Scratching often leads to secondary lesions, such as small abrasions or crusted areas, which may become infected if bacterial colonization occurs.
Visible nits attached to hair shafts provide a reliable diagnostic clue. Nits appear as oval, whitish‑beige structures firmly cemented to the base of each strand, typically within 1 cm of the scalp. Their presence can be confirmed by gently pulling a section of hair; the nit should remain attached to the shaft, while a live louse may be observed moving.
Live lice are small, wingless insects measuring 2–4 mm in length. They are tan to grayish‑brown and may be seen crawling on the scalp or clinging to hair. In severe cases, clusters of lice can be observed moving together, especially when the child’s head is examined under bright illumination.
Additional manifestations include:
- Redness or irritation of the scalp skin, often localized to areas where lice feed.
- Small, painless, raised bumps (papules) that may appear on the neck, shoulders, or back, resulting from bites.
- Occasional difficulty concentrating or restlessness, especially in school settings, due to persistent discomfort.
- Presence of “scratch marks” on clothing or bedding, reflecting frequent head rubbing.
Prompt identification of these signs enables effective treatment and reduces the likelihood of transmission to peers and family members.