The head itches but there are no lice: what should be done? - briefly
Conduct a detailed scalp inspection to determine whether dermatitis, fungal overgrowth, allergic irritation, or dryness is causing the itching. Apply the corresponding medicated shampoo, antifungal preparation, or moisturizing treatment according to the identified condition.
The head itches but there are no lice: what should be done? - in detail
An itchy scalp without evidence of lice requires systematic assessment. First, eliminate common dermatological causes: dandruff, seborrheic dermatitis, psoriasis, contact irritation from hair products, and fungal infection. Examine the skin for scaling, redness, or lesions; note any recent changes in shampoo, conditioner, or styling agents.
If symptoms persist, consider environmental factors. Dry indoor air, frequent heat styling, or tight headwear can increase irritation. Hydration of the scalp with a gentle, fragrance‑free moisturizer may alleviate discomfort.
When over‑the‑counter remedies fail, medical evaluation becomes necessary. A clinician can:
- Perform a scalp examination with a dermatoscope to detect subtle infestations or skin disorders.
- Order laboratory tests (e.g., fungal culture, skin biopsy) if infection or autoimmune disease is suspected.
- Prescribe targeted therapy such as antifungal shampoos, corticosteroid lotions, or antihistamines, depending on the diagnosis.
Self‑care measures that support treatment include:
- Washing hair with lukewarm water and a mild, sulfate‑free cleanser.
- Rinsing thoroughly to remove residue.
- Avoiding harsh chemicals, hair dyes, and excessive heat.
- Limiting the use of hats or scarves that trap moisture.
- Maintaining a balanced diet rich in omega‑3 fatty acids and zinc to promote skin health.
If itching is accompanied by severe redness, swelling, oozing, or fever, seek immediate medical attention. Early identification of the underlying cause prevents progression and reduces the risk of secondary infection.