Почему щенок постоянно чешется, если блох нет? - briefly
A puppy that scratches continuously despite the absence of fleas likely suffers from allergic dermatitis, dry skin, or a mite infestation. Veterinary assessment and targeted treatment—such as antihistamines, moisturizers, or appropriate antiparasitic medication—are essential.
Почему щенок постоянно чешется, если блох нет? - in detail
A puppy may scratch intensely even in the absence of fleas because several physiological and environmental factors can provoke dermal irritation.
First, allergic dermatitis is common. Allergens include proteins from food, pollen, dust mites, and mold spores. When the immune system overreacts, histamine release causes itching, redness, and inflammation. Identifying the trigger often requires elimination diets, skin scrapings, or allergy testing.
Second, dry skin (xerosis) can develop from low ambient humidity, excessive bathing with harsh shampoos, or inadequate dietary fatty acids. A compromised skin barrier loses moisture, leading to tightness and a persistent urge to scratch. Supplementing omega‑3 and omega‑6 fatty acids and using mild, moisturizing cleansers can restore barrier integrity.
Third, parasitic infestations other than fleas—such as mites (Sarcoptes scabiei, Demodex spp.), ticks, or lice—produce similar symptoms. Microscopic examination of skin scrapings or adhesive tape tests confirms their presence. Targeted acaricidal treatment resolves the itch.
Fourth, bacterial or fungal infections (pyoderma, Malassezia overgrowth) may follow an initial irritation. Secondary infection intensifies pruritus and can cause pustules or scaling. Cytology and culture guide appropriate antimicrobial or antifungal therapy.
Fifth, hormonal disorders, notably hypothyroidism or Cushing’s disease, disrupt skin homeostasis. Reduced thyroid hormone slows epidermal turnover, while excess cortisol weakens immune defenses, both resulting in pruritus. Blood panels measuring thyroid‑stimulating hormone, free T4, and cortisol levels aid diagnosis, and hormone replacement or medical management alleviates symptoms.
Sixth, mechanical factors such as constant rubbing against rough surfaces, collars, or harnesses can cause localized irritation. Inspecting the puppy’s environment, adjusting equipment, and providing soft bedding reduce friction‑induced scratching.
Practical steps for owners include:
- Conduct a thorough veterinary examination to rule out parasites, infections, and systemic disease.
- Initiate an elimination diet for at least eight weeks to detect food‑related allergies.
- Apply a hypoallergenic, fragrance‑free shampoo no more than once a week.
- Provide omega‑rich supplements or a balanced diet formulated for skin health.
- Keep the living area clean, control humidity, and use air purifiers to minimize airborne allergens.
- Monitor the puppy’s response to treatment; adjust therapy based on clinical progress and test results.
By systematically evaluating these potential causes and implementing targeted interventions, the persistent scratching can be resolved even when fleas are not present.