How to treat lice on a dog? - briefly
Use a veterinary‑approved lice shampoo or topical insecticide, following the product’s dosage instructions and treating the dog’s coat thoroughly. Clean bedding, grooming tools, and the home environment to prevent reinfestation.
How to treat lice on a dog? - in detail
Lice infestations on dogs require accurate identification, appropriate medication, and environmental sanitation.
First, confirm the presence of chewing lice (e.g., Trichodectes canis) by examining the coat for small, grayish insects moving rapidly, especially around the head, neck, and tail base. Look for itching, hair loss, and crusty skin.
Second, select a treatment based on severity and the dog’s health status. Options include:
- Topical insecticidal shampoos containing pyrethrins, permethrin, or fipronil. Apply to a wet coat, lather thoroughly, and leave for the manufacturer‑recommended contact time before rinsing.
- Spot‑on spot treatments with selamectin, imidacloprid, or a combination product. Administer directly to the skin at the base of the neck, ensuring the animal does not lick the area until it dries.
- Oral systemic agents such as afoxolaner or fluralaner, which eliminate lice after ingestion and provide broader parasite control. Dose according to the pet’s weight.
Third, implement environmental control to prevent re‑infestation:
- Wash all bedding, blankets, and toys in hot water (≥60 °C) and dry on high heat.
- Vacuum carpets, upholstery, and the dog’s living area, discarding the vacuum bag or cleaning the canister immediately.
- Treat the home with a residual insecticide spray labeled for canine ectoparasites, focusing on cracks, crevices, and areas where the dog rests.
Fourth, monitor the dog for at least two weeks after treatment. Re‑examine the coat weekly; if live lice persist, repeat the chosen medication or rotate to a different class of insecticide to avoid resistance.
Finally, consult a veterinarian before initiating therapy if the dog is pregnant, nursing, very young, or has underlying medical conditions. Professional guidance ensures correct dosing, selects the safest product, and addresses any secondary skin infections that may have developed.