How to treat lice in children? - briefly
Apply a pediatric‑approved pediculicide shampoo or lotion, following the product’s timing instructions and repeat the treatment after 7‑10 days to eradicate newly hatched insects. Combine this with daily wet‑combing using a fine‑toothed lice comb, wash bedding and clothing in hot water, and isolate personal items to prevent re‑infestation.
How to treat lice in children? - in detail
Head lice infestation in youngsters is identified by itching, visible live insects, or translucent nits attached to hair shafts near the scalp. Early detection prevents spread to peers and reduces discomfort.
Immediate action consists of mechanical removal. A fine‑toothed nit comb, used on wet, conditioned hair, extracts live insects and eggs. The procedure should be repeated every three to four days for two weeks to eliminate newly hatched nits. Comb through each section of hair, starting at the scalp and moving outward, wiping the comb after each pass.
Pharmacological treatment options include over‑the‑counter (OTC) shampoos or lotions containing dimethicone, pyrethrins with piperonyl butoxide, or 1% permethrin. For children under two years, dimethicone‑based products are preferred because of a lower toxicity profile. Prescription‑strength agents, such as malathion 0.5% or ivermectin lotion, are reserved for resistant cases or when OTC options fail. Apply the product according to the manufacturer’s instructions, ensuring thorough coverage of the scalp and hair. Rinse after the recommended contact time; do not reuse the same product without a washout period.
Safety considerations require avoidance of excessive application and strict adherence to age limits indicated on the label. Do not apply products to broken skin or irritated scalp. After treatment, wash hands thoroughly and keep the child away from close head contact for at least 24 hours.
Environmental control reduces reinfestation risk. Wash bedding, hats, scarves, and clothing used in the previous 48 hours in hot water (≥ 60 °C) and dry on high heat. Items that cannot be laundered should be sealed in a plastic bag for two weeks. Vacuum carpets, upholstered furniture, and car seats to remove stray lice or nits.
Follow‑up inspection is essential. Examine the child’s hair 7 days after the initial treatment; if live lice are still present, repeat the chosen treatment. A second inspection at 14 days confirms eradication. Document findings and advise caregivers to monitor classmates and school personnel for additional cases.