How to treat ear mites in cats and dogs? - briefly
Administer a veterinary‑prescribed acaricide (e.g., selamectin, ivermectin, or a pyrethrin‑based ear solution) and clean the ear canal with a veterinarian‑approved cleanser to eliminate debris and mites. Repeat the treatment according to the product instructions and verify eradication with a follow‑up examination.
How to treat ear mites in cats and dogs? - in detail
Ear mite infestation, most commonly caused by Otodectes cynotis, affects the external auditory canal of both felines and canines. Prompt identification and systematic management are essential to relieve discomfort, prevent secondary infections, and halt transmission to other animals.
The diagnostic process begins with a visual inspection of the ear canal. Look for dark, crusty debris resembling coffee grounds; this material often contains live parasites. Microscopic examination of a swab sample confirms the presence of mites. If the animal shows signs of pain, shaking, or excessive scratching, immediate treatment should commence.
Effective therapy consists of three coordinated actions:
- Mechanical cleaning – Apply a veterinarian‑approved ear cleanser to soften debris, then gently flush the canal with a syringe. Repeat until the ear appears clear of wax and crust. Avoid deep insertion of instruments to prevent damage to the tympanic membrane.
- Pharmacological control – Administer a topical acaricide such as selamectin, moxidectin, or a pyrethrin‑based product. Follow label instructions for dosage and repeat application (usually 7‑10 days after the first dose) to eradicate any newly hatched mites.
- Systemic treatment – In severe cases, oral ivermectin or milbemycin oxime may be prescribed to reach mites that have migrated beyond the ear canal. Dose according to the animal’s weight and species‑specific safety guidelines.
After the initial treatment cycle, re‑examine the ears 2–3 weeks later. If residual debris or live mites persist, repeat the cleaning and apply a second round of topical medication. Continue monitoring for at least six weeks, as the life cycle of the parasite can extend up to four weeks.
Preventive measures reduce recurrence:
- Keep the living environment clean; wash bedding, blankets, and toys in hot water regularly.
- Treat all cohabiting pets simultaneously, even if they show no clinical signs, because subclinical carriers can maintain the infestation.
- Use a long‑acting preventive product (e.g., monthly selamectin) as recommended by a veterinarian, especially in multi‑pet households or shelters.
Adhering to this protocol eliminates ear mites efficiently, restores auditory comfort, and minimizes the risk of reinfestation.