How to treat ear mites in a cat? - briefly
Apply a veterinarian‑prescribed topical acaricide, such as selamectin or ivermectin, to the ear canal after gently cleaning the ear with a feline‑safe solution, and repeat the treatment according to the product’s schedule. Follow up with a veterinary check to confirm eradication and prevent recurrence.
How to treat ear mites in a cat? - in detail
Ear mite infestation in felines is caused primarily by « Otodectes cynotis », a microscopic parasite that colonises the external auditory canal. Typical signs include intense scratching, head shaking, dark brown to black debris resembling coffee grounds, and inflammation of the ear canal.
Accurate diagnosis requires visual inspection of the ear canal using an otoscope or a bright‑field microscope. Collect a sample of earwax, place it on a slide, and examine for moving mites or their eggs. Cytological confirmation eliminates confusion with secondary infections.
Treatment options fall into three categories:
- Topical acaricides – products containing selamectin, moxidectin, or pyrethrins applied directly into the ear canal; usually administered once or repeated after a prescribed interval.
- Systemic medications – oral or injectable formulations of ivermectin, milbemycin oxime, or lufenuron that reach the parasite through the bloodstream; dosage is weight‑based and may require a veterinary prescription.
- Ear cleaning – gentle irrigation with a veterinarian‑approved solution to remove debris before acaricide application; avoids excessive moisture that could worsen inflammation.
After the initial treatment, repeat the chosen medication according to the label instructions, typically after 7–14 days, to eradicate any newly hatched larvae. Monitor the cat for residual debris and repeat otoscopic examinations until the canal appears clear.
Environmental control is essential because ear mites survive off the host for up to 48 hours. Wash bedding, blankets, and toys in hot water; vacuum carpets and upholstery thoroughly; treat all animals in the household simultaneously to prevent reinfestation.
Preventive measures include regular ear examinations during routine veterinary visits, routine cleaning with a mild, pH‑balanced solution, and the use of long‑acting topical preventatives applied monthly. Maintaining a clean living environment reduces the risk of recurrence.