How to treat allergy from bedbug bites? - briefly
Use a topical antihistamine or low‑strength hydrocortisone cream to soothe itching and diminish local swelling. If symptoms spread or become severe, take an oral antihistamine and seek medical evaluation for possible prescription steroids.
How to treat allergy from bedbug bites? - in detail
Bed‑bug bite reactions can range from mild erythema to pronounced wheal‑and‑flare responses. Prompt management reduces discomfort and prevents secondary infection.
First‑line care involves cleaning the affected area with mild soap and water to remove irritants. Applying a cold compress for 10–15 minutes limits vasodilation and alleviates itching. Oral antihistamines such as cetirizine 10 mg or diphenhydramine 25 mg taken every 4–6 hours counteract histamine release; they are especially useful when pruritus interferes with sleep. Topical corticosteroids (hydrocortisone 1 % cream) applied two to three times daily diminish localized inflammation. For extensive redness or urticarial lesions, a medium‑strength steroid (e.g., triamcinolone 0.1 % ointment) may be prescribed for a short course.
If swelling persists beyond 48 hours, or if lesions become painful, oozing, or develop a crusted appearance, a secondary bacterial infection should be considered. In such cases, a course of oral antibiotics targeting Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes (e.g., cephalexin 500 mg three times daily) is appropriate.
Systemic involvement—such as facial edema, throat tightness, wheezing, or hypotension—constitutes anaphylaxis. Immediate administration of intramuscular epinephrine (0.3 mg for adults) is mandatory, followed by emergency medical evaluation. Even in the absence of life‑threatening symptoms, rapid escalation of cutaneous reactions (large hives, extensive swelling) warrants a medical visit for possible oral corticosteroids (prednisone 30–40 mg daily for 5–7 days) and a prescription of a stronger antihistamine (e.g., fexofenadine 180 mg once daily).
Long‑term strategies focus on preventing re‑exposure. Thorough laundering of bedding at ≥60 °C, vacuuming of mattresses and surrounding areas, and encasement of pillows and mattresses with impermeable covers reduce residual insects. Professional pest‑control measures, including heat treatment or approved insecticides, should be employed when infestation is confirmed.
Key points for self‑management:
- Clean the bite site promptly; avoid scratching.
- Use cold compresses to control swelling.
- Take non‑sedating antihistamines for itch relief.
- Apply low‑potency topical steroids; upgrade if needed under medical supervision.
- Seek professional care for persistent, painful, or infected lesions.
- Administer epinephrine without delay if systemic symptoms appear.
- Implement environmental controls to eliminate further exposure.