How to know that there are lice on the head? - briefly
Examine the hair and scalp for live insects and oval, white nits firmly attached close to the hair shaft. Persistent itching together with visible small brown or gray bugs confirms an infestation.
How to know that there are lice on the head? - in detail
Identifying head‑lice infestation requires careful visual and tactile examination. Adult lice measure 2–3 mm, are brown‑gray, and move quickly across the scalp. Nits, the eggs, appear as tiny, oval, white or yellowish structures firmly attached to the hair shaft within a quarter of an inch from the scalp. Unlike dandruff, nits cannot be brushed off easily and are positioned at a consistent angle toward the scalp.
Typical signs include:
- Persistent itching, especially around the ears, neck, and nape of the neck.
- A tickling or crawling sensation on the scalp.
- Presence of small blood spots on pillowcases or clothing, indicating recent feeding.
Effective detection methods:
- Wet‑comb technique – Apply a generous amount of conditioner to damp hair, then run a fine‑tooth lice comb from the scalp outward, inspecting each comb stroke for lice or nits. Repeat every 2–3 days for one week.
- Direct inspection – Use a magnifying lens in a well‑lit area. Separate hair into small sections, starting at the crown and behind the ears, and examine the hair shafts closely.
- Specialized detection products – Apply over‑the‑counter lice‑detecting sprays or shampoos that temporarily immobilize lice, making them easier to see.
Differentiating nits from debris is critical. Nits are attached at an angle of approximately 45° to the hair shaft and remain fixed after a gentle pull; dandruff flakes fall freely and are not adhered to the hair.
If any live insects or firmly attached nits are found, the presence of an infestation is confirmed. Immediate treatment and thorough cleaning of personal items—combs, hats, bedding—prevent further spread.