How to know if there are lice? - briefly
Examine the hair and scalp for tiny, oval nits attached within a millimeter of the skin and for live insects that move quickly. Common indicators include persistent itching, redness, and visible egg shells clinging to hair strands.
How to know if there are lice? - in detail
Detecting a lice infestation requires systematic visual inspection and tactile examination of the hair and scalp. The adult parasite measures about 2–3 mm, moves quickly, and is most active near the base of hair shafts.
Visible indicators include:
- Small, grayish‑brown insects moving on the scalp or hair.
- Tiny, oval, whitish eggs (nits) firmly attached to the side of a hair strand, typically within 1 cm of the scalp.
- Persistent itching, especially after washing or exposure to heat.
- Red, irritated patches on the skin caused by scratching.
A reliable method for confirming the presence of nits involves using a fine‑toothed comb on damp, conditioned hair. The procedure:
- Wet the hair and apply a suitable conditioner to reduce tangling.
- Starting at the scalp, run the comb through a small section, pulling gently.
- After each pass, wipe the comb on a white surface or paper towel to reveal any captured insects or eggs.
- Repeat the process across the entire head, paying special attention to the nape, behind the ears, and the crown area.
If live lice or viable nits are observed, an infestation is confirmed. In cases where only empty shells are found, further monitoring for several days is advisable before concluding the infestation has cleared.
Professional diagnosis may involve magnification tools such as a handheld loupe or a lighted microscope, which enhance the ability to differentiate between nits and hair debris. Regular checks, performed every 2–3 days during an outbreak, help track treatment efficacy and prevent re‑infestation.