How to get rid of lice and nits on the head? - briefly
Use a 1 % permethrin or pyrethrin shampoo, apply to damp hair, leave for the recommended time, then rinse thoroughly; follow with a fine‑toothed nit comb to remove all eggs. Repeat the treatment after 7–10 days to eliminate any newly hatched lice.
How to get rid of lice and nits on the head? - in detail
Eliminating head‑lice infestations requires a systematic approach that combines chemical or physical treatment, thorough combing, and environmental decontamination.
First, confirm the presence of live insects and their eggs by parting hair close to the scalp and inspecting the base of each strand with a magnifying lens. Adult lice appear as gray‑brown, wingless insects about 2–3 mm long; nits are oval, firmly attached to the hair shaft, and often mistaken for dandruff.
Select a treatment method:
- Pediculicidal shampoos or lotions containing permethrin (1 %) or pyrethrin with synergists. Apply to dry hair, leave for the manufacturer‑specified time (usually 10 minutes), then rinse.
- Prescription products such as malathion (0.5 %), benzyl alcohol lotion (5 %), or ivermectin lotion (0.5 %). Follow exact dosing instructions; many require a second application 7–10 days after the first to target newly hatched lice.
- Physical removal using a fine‑toothed nit comb (0.2 mm spacing). After washing, section hair and comb from scalp to tip, wiping the comb after each pass. Repeat every 2–3 days for at least two weeks.
Complementary measures:
- Wash all bedding, towels, and clothing used within the previous 48 hours in hot water (≥ 60 °C) and dry on high heat.
- Seal non‑washable items (e.g., hats, stuffed toys) in sealed plastic bags for two weeks to starve any surviving insects.
- Vacuum carpets, upholstered furniture, and car seats to remove stray nits.
Monitor progress by re‑examining the scalp 24 hours after treatment and again after the second application. Persistent live lice after two treatment cycles may indicate resistance; consult a healthcare professional for alternative prescription options.
Maintain vigilance by performing weekly scalp checks for at least one month, especially in environments where close contact is common (schools, daycare). Prompt detection and immediate implementation of the outlined protocol prevent re‑infestation and minimize spread.