How to eliminate small lice and nits? - briefly
Apply a pediculicide shampoo, then comb wet hair with a fine-toothed nit comb, repeating the combing after 7‑10 days to eliminate any newly hatched insects. Wash bedding and clothing in hot water or seal them in airtight containers for two weeks to prevent re‑infestation.
How to eliminate small lice and nits? - in detail
Removing tiny lice and their eggs requires a systematic approach that combines direct treatment, thorough cleaning, and follow‑up checks.
First, confirm the infestation by parting hair close to the scalp and inspecting for live insects or oval, brownish nits attached within ¼ inch of the roots. Use a magnifying lens if needed.
Effective treatment options
- Pediculicidal shampoos or lotions containing 1 % permethrin, 0.5 % malathion, or 0.05 % ivermectin. Apply according to the product label, leave on for the recommended time, then rinse thoroughly.
- Physical agents such as dimethicone or silicone‑based sprays that coat and suffocate the parasites. These are suitable for individuals sensitive to neurotoxic chemicals.
- Prescription oral medication (e.g., ivermectin tablets) for severe cases or when topical agents fail. A single dose is often sufficient; a second dose may be required after 7–10 days.
Mechanical removal
- After the chemical or physical treatment has dried, use a fine‑toothed nit comb on wet, conditioned hair.
- Start at the scalp, pulling the comb through each section from root to tip.
- Wipe the comb on a white paper towel after each pass to detect remaining insects.
- Repeat the combing process at least twice daily for one week.
Household decontamination
- Wash all recently worn clothing, bedding, and towels in hot water (≥ 60 °C) and tumble‑dry on high heat for at least 20 minutes.
- Seal items that cannot be laundered (e.g., hats, stuffed toys) in a sealed plastic bag for two weeks, the typical lifespan of a louse.
- Vacuum carpets, upholstery, and car seats; discard the vacuum bag or clean the canister afterward.
- Avoid sharing personal items such as combs, hair accessories, or headphones.
Follow‑up monitoring
- Re‑inspect the scalp 7 days after the initial treatment. If live lice are observed, repeat the chosen topical agent or switch to an alternative.
- Conduct a second inspection at the 14‑day mark to ensure all nits have hatched and been removed.
- Continue weekly checks for an additional two weeks to catch any late hatchlings.
Preventive measures
- Encourage regular head‑to‑head distance in schools and childcare settings.
- Instruct children to keep hair tied back and avoid sharing headgear.
- Provide families with nit‑comb kits and clear instructions for early detection.
By applying chemical or physical agents, performing diligent combing, sanitizing the environment, and maintaining vigilant follow‑up, the infestation can be eradicated efficiently and sustainably.