How to eliminate dust mites in the home? - briefly
Lower indoor humidity below 50 %, wash all bedding weekly in water at least 130 °F and encase mattresses and pillows in allergen‑proof covers; vacuum frequently with a HEPA‑rated filter and remove or replace carpets where feasible.
How to eliminate dust mites in the home? - in detail
Dust mites thrive in warm, humid environments where they feed on human skin flakes. Effective eradication requires a combination of physical removal, environmental control, and targeted treatments.
First, reduce the food source. Wash all bedding, curtains, and removable upholstery covers weekly in water at least 130 °F (54 °C). Use a dryer on high heat for 30 minutes to kill any remaining organisms. For items that cannot be laundered, place them in a sealed plastic bag for 48 hours; the lack of oxygen will cause mite mortality.
Second, lower indoor humidity. Maintain relative humidity below 50 % by using dehumidifiers, especially in bedrooms and living areas. Ventilate rooms daily by opening windows or employing exhaust fans to promote air exchange.
Third, eliminate dust reservoirs. Vacuum carpets, rugs, and upholstered furniture with a vacuum equipped with a HEPA filter. Perform this task at least twice a week, moving the nozzle slowly to allow suction of microscopic particles. For hard floors, damp‑mop with a solution of warm water and a few drops of mild detergent; avoid excessive moisture that could raise humidity.
Fourth, treat surfaces with acaricidal agents when necessary. Apply dust‑mite sprays containing benzyl benzoate or essential‑oil formulations (e.g., tea‑tree, eucalyptus) according to manufacturer instructions. Focus on seams, folds, and crevices where mites hide, such as mattress edges, pillow tops, and sofa cushions.
Fifth, replace or protect highly infested items. Use allergen‑impermeable mattress and pillow encasements that zip shut, preventing mites from entering or exiting. Consider swapping thick carpets for low‑pile or hard‑surface flooring, which are easier to keep dust‑free.
A practical checklist for ongoing control:
- Wash bedding at ≥130 °F weekly; dry on high heat.
- Keep humidity <50 % with dehumidifiers or air conditioners.
- Vacuum with HEPA filter twice weekly; mop hard floors damply.
- Apply approved acaricide sprays to seams and folds monthly.
- Install allergen‑proof encasements on mattresses and pillows.
- Replace carpeted areas with low‑pile or hard flooring where feasible.
Consistent application of these measures will drastically reduce dust‑mite populations, lessen allergen exposure, and improve indoor air quality.