How to determine the presence of lice in hair? - briefly
«The presence of lice is confirmed by examining the scalp and hair for live insects or attached eggs, typically using a fine‑tooth comb on wet hair and checking the comb after each pass».
«Observation of mobile insects or oval, white‑gray nits firmly attached to hair shafts near the scalp indicates infestation».
How to determine the presence of lice in hair? - in detail
Detecting a head‑lice infestation requires systematic observation and precise technique.
The first step involves a direct visual examination of the scalp and hair shafts. Live insects appear as small, gray‑white, wingless bodies about the size of a sesame seed. Nits—immature eggs—are oval, yellow‑brown, and firmly attached to the hair within a quarter‑inch of the scalp. Secure attachment distinguishes nits from stray hairs; they cannot be easily displaced by a gentle pull.
A wet‑comb method enhances detection. Wet the hair thoroughly, apply a conditioner to reduce slip, then run a fine‑tooth lice comb from the scalp outward in 1‑centimeter sections. After each pass, wipe the comb on a white tissue to reveal any captured insects or nits. Repeat the process across the entire head, focusing on the nape, behind the ears, and crown region where lice preferentially congregate.
Secondary indicators include persistent scalp itching, especially after a warm shower, and localized redness or small raised bumps caused by bite reactions. While these symptoms suggest infestation, they are not definitive without physical evidence.
Professional assessment may employ magnifying lenses (10×–20×) or a lighted head‑lamp to improve visibility of minute stages. Commercial detection kits contain a pre‑treated comb and a diagnostic chart, allowing consistent documentation of findings.
If live lice or viable nits are identified, immediate treatment is required. Options include topical pediculicides, oral medications, or non‑chemical approaches such as suffocation creams and repeated combing. Post‑treatment, repeat the wet‑comb protocol every 2–3 days for two weeks to confirm eradication.
Regular inspection, especially after contact with potentially infested individuals or environments, remains the most reliable preventive strategy.