How should metronidazole be taken after a tick bite? - briefly
Metronidazole is not routinely used for tick‑bite prophylaxis; it should be taken only if a healthcare professional prescribes it for a confirmed infection, typically 500 mg by mouth every 8 hours for a 7‑ to 10‑day course. Always follow the prescribing clinician’s exact instructions and complete the full regimen.
How should metronidazole be taken after a tick bite? - in detail
Metronidazole is prescribed for tick‑bite–related infections such as anaerobic bacterial skin infections or suspected early Lyme disease when a co‑infection with Borrelia is unlikely. The drug should be taken orally with a full glass of water; food may be consumed unless gastrointestinal upset occurs.
- Standard adult dosage: 500 mg every 8 hours (three times daily). For severe infections, the dose may be increased to 750 mg every 8 hours, but only under medical supervision.
- Pediatric dosage: 15 mg/kg per dose, administered every 8 hours. Exact calculation must be performed by a healthcare professional.
- Treatment duration: a minimum of 7 days for uncomplicated skin infections; 10–14 days for deeper tissue involvement or when systemic signs are present. Shorter courses increase the risk of relapse or resistance.
- Missed dose: take the forgotten dose as soon as remembered if more than 2 hours remain before the next scheduled dose; otherwise skip it and resume the regular schedule. Do not double the dose.
- Completion: finish the entire prescribed course even if symptoms improve, to ensure eradication of the pathogen.
- Contra‑indications: known hypersensitivity to nitroimidazoles, severe hepatic impairment, or concurrent use of disulfiram‑like alcohol‑sensitivity agents.
- Interactions: avoid alcohol during therapy and for 48 hours after the last dose, as metronidazole may cause a disulfiram‑type reaction. Concurrent use of warfarin may enhance anticoagulant effect; monitor coagulation parameters.
- Monitoring: liver function tests should be checked before initiating therapy and periodically during prolonged treatment. Renal function assessment is advisable in patients with compromised kidneys; dosage adjustment may be required.
Patients should report any peripheral neuropathy, seizures, or severe nausea promptly. If adverse reactions develop, discontinue the medication and seek medical attention.