How should ear mites be treated? - briefly
Administer a veterinarian‑prescribed topical acaricide (e.g., selamectin, ivermectin, or milbemycin) after cleaning the ear canal, and repeat the dose according to the medication’s schedule while monitoring for resolution.
How should ear mites be treated? - in detail
Ear mite infestations require prompt removal of parasites, eradication of secondary infections, and prevention of re‑infestation.
First, confirm the diagnosis by inspecting the ear canal for dark, coffee‑ground debris and live mites. A microscopic examination or a cotton‑swab sample can provide definitive evidence.
Second, clean the ear thoroughly. Use a veterinarian‑approved ear cleanser to dissolve wax and debris; apply the solution, massage the base of the ear for 30–60 seconds, then allow the animal to shake, and gently wipe the canal with gauze. Repeat the process for each ear until the discharge is clear.
Third, apply an acaricidal medication. Options include:
- Topical otic preparations containing pyrethrins, selamectin, or milbemycin oxime; administer according to label instructions, typically once daily for 3–5 days.
- Systemic treatments such as oral ivermectin or a milbemycin‑based chewable; dosage is weight‑based and may be repeated after 7 days to eliminate newly hatched mites.
Fourth, address bacterial or fungal overgrowth. If the ear appears inflamed, prescribe an antibiotic or antifungal ear drop containing an appropriate active ingredient (e.g., enrofloxacin, miconazole). Use the medication for the full course, usually 7–14 days.
Fifth, treat the environment. Wash bedding, blankets, and toys in hot water; vacuum carpets and upholstery, then discard vacuum bags or clean the canister. Apply a residual spray containing a synthetic pyrethroid to the animal’s living area to kill any lingering eggs or larvae.
Sixth, schedule follow‑up examinations. Re‑evaluate the ears 7–10 days after initial therapy to ensure complete resolution. A second cleaning and medication round may be necessary if debris persists.
Finally, implement preventive measures. Regular ear inspections, routine cleaning with a mild, pH‑balanced solution, and prophylactic monthly spot‑on treatments for parasites will reduce the risk of recurrence.