How should chickens be treated for lice and chewing lice? - briefly
Apply a veterinary‑approved topical insecticide or dust to each bird and treat the coop with an appropriate acaricide, repeating the application after 7–10 days to interrupt the life cycle. Remove and replace infested bedding, then keep the environment clean to prevent recurrence.
How should chickens be treated for lice and chewing lice? - in detail
Effective control of poultry ectoparasites requires a systematic approach that combines sanitation, chemical or natural treatments, and ongoing monitoring.
First, remove the environmental sources that allow lice to thrive. Clean and dry all coops, nesting boxes, and perches; replace litter with fresh, absorbent material. Scrape and disinfect surfaces with a solution of 1 % sodium hypochlorite or a commercial poultry disinfectant. Seal cracks and gaps to prevent re‑infestation from wild birds or rodents.
Second, apply a suitable acaricide. Options include:
- Permethrin‑based sprays – apply at the label‑recommended concentration, covering the entire bird, especially the vent area, underwing, and head. Repeat after 7 days to break the life cycle.
- Carbaryl dust – dust the birds lightly, avoiding the eyes and nostrils. Use a fine‑mesh applicator for even coverage; retreat in 10‑14 days.
- Spinosad powder – a non‑organophosphate alternative; mix with feed or dust the plumage. Effective against both chewing and body lice, with a 14‑day re‑treatment interval.
- Natural oils – a 1 % solution of neem or eucalyptus oil can be sprayed on birds for mild infestations; repeat every 5 days for three applications.
Third, treat the coop and equipment. After treating the birds, dust all surfaces with a residual acaricide (e.g., permethrin powder) and leave for 24 hours before cleaning. Dispose of used litter in a sealed bag and replace with fresh material.
Fourth, implement a monitoring schedule. Inspect birds weekly for signs of lice: feather loss, scaly skin, or visible insects. Use a fine‑toothed comb to collect specimens and confirm species. Record findings to adjust treatment intervals.
Fifth, maintain preventive measures. Provide a dust bath area with diatomaceous earth or wood ash to encourage self‑grooming. Rotate bedding every 2‑3 weeks and keep the coop dry. Avoid overcrowding; a maximum of 4 birds per square meter reduces stress and parasite transmission.
By integrating thorough cleaning, targeted acaricide application, regular inspection, and preventive husbandry, poultry producers can eliminate lice infestations and minimize the risk of recurrence.