How should bedding be treated to eliminate lice and nits? - briefly
Wash all sheets, pillowcases, blankets and removable covers in water at least 130 °F (54 °C) and dry on the highest heat setting for a minimum of 30 minutes; for items that cannot be laundered, seal them in a airtight plastic bag for two weeks or expose them to a professional heat‑treatment service. Vacuum mattresses and surrounding areas, then clean the vacuum bag or container to remove any detached eggs.
How should bedding be treated to eliminate lice and nits? - in detail
Treating bedding to eradicate lice and their eggs requires a combination of heat, isolation, and thorough cleaning.
First, remove all removable items—pillowcases, sheets, duvet covers, blankets, and pillow protectors. Place each item in a washing machine set to the hottest temperature the fabric can tolerate, typically 130 °F (54 °C) or higher. Use a regular laundry detergent; add an extra rinse cycle to ensure complete removal of residues.
Second, transfer the washed items to a dryer. Run the dryer on the highest heat setting for at least 30 minutes. The sustained temperature kills both adult insects and immature stages that may survive washing.
Third, for items that cannot be machine‑washed, apply alternative heat methods. Use a portable steam cleaner to treat mattresses, box springs, and upholstered furniture. Direct steam for a minimum of 10 seconds per spot, covering the entire surface. For non‑heat‑tolerant fabrics, seal them in airtight plastic bags for 2 weeks; lice cannot survive without a host beyond 48 hours, and the sealed environment prevents re‑infestation.
Fourth, vacuum all surfaces surrounding the bed, including floor, carpet, and furniture. Use a vacuum equipped with a HEPA filter; discard the bag or clean the canister immediately after use.
Fifth, consider freezing as an adjunct method. Place small, non‑washable items (e.g., stuffed animals) in a freezer set to 0 °F (‑18 °C) for at least 24 hours. The low temperature destroys eggs and nymphs.
Finally, repeat the washing and drying cycle after 7 days. Any eggs that were missed initially will have hatched, and the subsequent heat treatment will eliminate the new insects.
By following these steps—high‑temperature laundering, thorough drying, targeted steam, sealed isolation, vacuuming, and, when appropriate, freezing—bedding can be rendered free of lice and nits.