How should a cat's allergy to flea bites be treated? - briefly
Implement rapid flea eradication using veterinarian‑approved topical or oral products, and relieve the allergic reaction with prescribed anti‑inflammatory medication such as corticosteroids or antihistamines. Follow up with regular grooming and environmental treatment to prevent reinfestation.
How should a cat's allergy to flea bites be treated? - in detail
Flea‑induced hypersensitivity in cats, commonly called flea allergy dermatitis, results from an immune reaction to flea saliva. The reaction triggers intense itching, hair loss, and skin lesions, especially around the neck, base of the tail, and abdomen.
Eliminating the flea burden is the cornerstone of therapy. Apply an adulticide (e.g., selamectin, imidacloprid) to the cat according to label directions. Treat the environment with an insect growth regulator (e.g., methoprene, pyriproxyfen) in carpets, bedding, and furniture. Wash all bedding at ≥ 60 °C weekly and vacuum daily, discarding the vacuum bag after each use. Repeat environmental treatments for at least three months to interrupt the flea life cycle.
Pharmacologic control of the allergic response includes:
- Antihistamines (e.g., cetirizine, diphenhydramine) administered at veterinary‑recommended doses to reduce pruritus.
- Short courses of oral or injectable corticosteroids for severe flare‑ups, tapering as symptoms improve.
- Omega‑3 fatty acid supplements (e.g., fish oil) to modulate inflammation and support skin health.
- Allergen‑specific immunotherapy when available, involving repeated injections of flea saliva antigens to induce tolerance.
Topical skin management aids healing:
- Medicated shampoos containing chlorhexidine or miconazole, used weekly, to cleanse lesions and reduce bacterial colonization.
- Topical corticosteroid sprays or ointments applied to affected areas for localized relief, limited to a few days to avoid skin thinning.
- Moisturizing agents (e.g., ceramide‑based creams) to restore barrier function and reduce secondary irritation.
Regular assessment is essential. Re‑evaluate flea control efficacy every two weeks during the initial phase, adjust medication dosages based on pruritus scores, and monitor for adverse drug reactions. Maintain preventive flea treatment year‑round to prevent recurrence.