How long can lice live in clothing? - briefly
Lice survive on garments for only a short period, typically no more than 24 hours and rarely up to 48 hours under ideal conditions. After that, they die from lack of blood meals and dehydration.
How long can lice live in clothing? - in detail
Lice are obligate ectoparasites; they require a human host for feeding and reproduction. When detached from a scalp, they can survive for a limited period on fabric, but they cannot reproduce or develop without blood meals.
Survival time on clothing depends on several factors:
- Temperature: At room temperature (20‑22 °C / 68‑72 °F), adult head lice remain alive for roughly 24‑48 hours. Cooler environments extend viability slightly, while higher temperatures accelerate desiccation.
- Humidity: Relative humidity above 50 % slows dehydration, allowing up to two days of life. Dry conditions reduce survival to less than 24 hours.
- Lice stage: Nymphs and eggs (nits) are more vulnerable. Nymphs die within 12‑24 hours, and nits will not hatch unless placed on a scalp; they may remain viable for several weeks only if kept in a moist, warm environment.
- Fabric type: Natural fibers (cotton, wool) retain moisture longer than synthetic materials, marginally increasing survival time.
Practical implications:
- Immediate laundering: Washing garments in hot water (≥ 60 °C / 140 °F) and drying on high heat eliminates any remaining lice.
- Isolation: Items that cannot be laundered can be sealed in a plastic bag for at least 48 hours; this period exceeds the maximum survival window for adult insects.
- Inspection: After treatment, examine clothing, hats, and bedding for live insects; absence after the 48‑hour window indicates successful removal.
In summary, adult lice can persist on apparel for up to two days under optimal moisture and temperature conditions, while immature stages survive for a shorter interval. Effective control relies on prompt washing, heat treatment, or sealed storage exceeding this survival period.