How is pubic louse treated? - briefly
Effective therapy uses a single application of a 1 % permethrin lotion or a pyrethrin‑based product, followed by a second treatment after 7–10 days to eliminate newly hatched lice. All bedding, clothing, and towels should be washed in hot water or sealed in a plastic bag for at least two weeks to prevent reinfestation.
How is pubic louse treated? - in detail
Effective management of pubic lice infestation requires a combination of chemical, mechanical, and environmental measures.
First‑line pharmacologic agents are topical pediculicides applied to the affected area. Permethrin 1 % cream rinse is applied to the hair and skin, left for ten minutes, then washed off; a second application after seven days eliminates newly hatched nymphs. Pyrethrins combined with piperonyl‑butoxide function similarly, but resistance has been reported in some regions. Malathion 0.5 % lotion is an alternative for patients with permethrin intolerance; it is applied for eight to twelve hours before washing. Ivermectin 0.5 % cream may be used when resistance or allergy limits other options; a single dose is applied for ten minutes, followed by a repeat after one week.
Oral ivermectin (200 µg/kg) is reserved for severe cases, extensive infestation, or when topical therapy fails. The dose is repeated after 7–10 days to target emerging lice. Systemic treatment should be avoided in pregnant or lactating women unless benefits outweigh risks.
Mechanical removal complements chemical therapy. Fine‑toothed combs can extract live insects and nits after the pediculicide has softened them. Repeating combing daily for several days reduces residual organisms.
Environmental control eliminates sources of reinfestation. All clothing, bedding, and towels used within the previous 48 hours must be laundered in hot water (≥ 50 °C) and dried on high heat. Items that cannot be washed should be sealed in plastic bags for at least two weeks. Vacuuming upholstered furniture and car seats removes detached lice and eggs.
Follow‑up assessment occurs 10–14 days after treatment completion. Absence of live lice and viable nits confirms cure; persistent itching may indicate residual infestation or secondary infection, requiring repeat therapy or adjunctive antibiotics.
Adverse effects are generally mild: transient skin irritation, burning, or erythema. Severe reactions—such as allergic dermatitis—necessitate discontinuation and alternative therapy. Resistance monitoring is essential; clinicians should report treatment failures to public‑health authorities.
In summary, successful eradication relies on a properly applied topical agent (permethrin, pyrethrins, malathion, or ivermectin cream), optional oral ivermectin for refractory cases, diligent mechanical removal, and strict decontamination of personal items. Regular evaluation ensures complete resolution and prevents recurrence.