How does flea allergy manifest in dogs? - briefly
Intense itching focused on the tail base, abdomen, and ears, often with redness, papules, or scabs, characterizes the allergic reaction. Persistent scratching can lead to secondary bacterial skin infections.
How does flea allergy manifest in dogs? - in detail
Flea‑induced hypersensitivity in dogs, known as flea allergy dermatitis, appears as an acute or chronic skin disorder triggered by proteins in flea saliva. The immune response produces intense pruritus that can be observed within minutes to a few hours after a bite.
Typical clinical manifestations include:
- Persistent scratching, biting, or licking, especially around the base of the tail, hind legs, and abdomen.
- Red, inflamed skin that may develop papules, pustules, or crusty lesions.
- Localized hair loss (alopecia) due to self‑trauma.
- Thickened, leathery skin (lichenification) in areas of chronic irritation.
- Secondary bacterial or yeast infections, identified by foul odor, oozing, or yellowish discharge.
Lesions often follow a pattern that mirrors flea activity: clusters of small, circular pits or punctate hemorrhages at bite sites, sometimes forming a “scattered” or “mosaic” distribution. In severe cases, the skin becomes raw and ulcerated, and the dog may exhibit signs of systemic discomfort, such as restlessness or decreased appetite.
Diagnostic clues rely on the combination of observable signs, detection of live fleas or flea dirt, and, when necessary, intradermal testing or serum allergen assays to confirm hypersensitivity. Absence of fleas does not rule out the condition, as a few bites can sustain the reaction.
Understanding these manifestations enables timely intervention, reduces suffering, and prevents progression to chronic dermatitis.