How does ear mite manifest in a cat? - briefly
Cats with ear mites show intense itching, dark crusty debris in the ear canal, and frequent head shaking or ear scratching. They may also develop inflammation, a foul odor, and secondary infections if the infestation is not treated.
How does ear mite manifest in a cat? - in detail
Ear mites (Otodectes cynotis) cause a distinctive set of clinical signs in felines. The most common indicator is intense scratching of the ears, often accompanied by head shaking. Affected cats may also tilt or rub the head against objects to relieve discomfort.
Typical observations include:
- Dark, crumbly debris resembling coffee grounds in the ear canal.
- Redness and inflammation of the ear canal walls.
- Swelling that may narrow the external opening.
- Secondary bacterial or fungal infection, evident as foul odor or additional discharge.
- Hair loss or scabbing around the ear base due to repeated trauma.
In early stages, the debris may be minimal and only occasional scratching is noted. As the infestation progresses, the ear canal becomes increasingly clogged, leading to reduced hearing and possible balance disturbances. Chronic cases can result in chronic otitis externa, with thickened skin, ulceration, and permanent damage to the auditory structures.
Diagnostic confirmation involves otoscopic examination to visualize the mites or their characteristic debris, and microscopic analysis of collected material. Laboratory identification distinguishes ear mites from other parasites or infections.
If left untreated, the infestation can spread to other animals in the household and may predispose the cat to systemic health issues due to persistent inflammation and secondary infections. Prompt treatment with appropriate acaricidal agents, thorough cleaning of the ear canal, and management of any secondary infection are essential to resolve symptoms and prevent recurrence.