How does benzyl benzoate act on scabies mites? - briefly
Benzyl benzoate penetrates the mite’s exoskeleton, interfering with neuronal function and leading to rapid paralysis. The resulting disruption of metabolic processes causes the parasite’s death within hours of exposure.
How does benzyl benzoate act on scabies mites? - in detail
Benzyl benzoate is a lipophilic ester applied topically for the eradication of Sarcoptes scabiei. After skin absorption, the compound penetrates the mite’s exoskeleton and accumulates in the hemolymph. Its primary toxic effect stems from disruption of neuronal membranes; the ester interferes with the function of voltage‑gated sodium channels, causing uncontrolled depolarisation and rapid paralysis. Concurrently, benzyl benzoate integrates into lipid layers of the cuticle, increasing permeability and leading to uncontrolled loss of electrolytes and water.
Additional actions include:
- Inhibition of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, reducing ATP production and impairing muscular activity.
- Destabilisation of chitin‑protein complexes within the exoskeleton, weakening structural integrity.
- Direct ovicidal activity; exposure of eggs to the agent prevents embryogenesis by compromising the protective chorion.
The combined neurotoxic, metabolic, and structural assaults result in swift immobilisation of adult mites and interruption of the life cycle, ensuring complete clearance of the infestation.