How does a tick tablet work in dogs? - briefly
The tablet delivers an oral acaricide that is absorbed into the bloodstream and reaches attached ticks, causing rapid death within a few hours. Systemic distribution also provides ongoing protection against new infestations for the period specified by the product label.
How does a tick tablet work in dogs? - in detail
Oral tick tablets for canines contain an active ingredient that interferes with the nervous system of attached arthropods. After ingestion, the compound is absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract, enters the bloodstream, and circulates systemically. When a tick attaches and begins to feed, it ingests the host’s blood, thereby receiving a dose of the medication.
The pharmacological action proceeds in several steps:
- The molecule binds to ligand‑gated chloride channels in the tick’s nerve cells.
- Channel activation causes an influx of chloride ions, leading to hyperpolarization of neuronal membranes.
- Hyperpolarization prevents the generation of action potentials, resulting in paralysis of the tick’s musculature.
- Paralysis halts feeding, and the parasite eventually dies or detaches.
Because the drug distributes throughout the host’s tissues, it provides protection against all stages of tick development that feed on blood, including larvae, nymphs, and adults. The efficacy period depends on the specific formulation; most products maintain therapeutic concentrations for 30 days after a single dose.
Safety considerations include:
- Metabolism primarily in the liver, with excretion via the kidneys.
- Minimal residue in tissues when used according to label directions.
- Potential interactions with other medications that share hepatic enzyme pathways.
Correct administration—whole tablet, with food or water—ensures optimal absorption and consistent blood levels, maximizing the antiparasitic effect while reducing the risk of resistance development.