How do you treat lice on a pig? - briefly
Apply a pyrethrin‑ or ivermectin‑based topical insecticide formulated for swine, following the product label for dosage and ensuring complete coat coverage. Repeat the application after 7–10 days and keep the environment clean to prevent reinfestation.
How do you treat lice on a pig? - in detail
Lice infestations in swine cause irritation, skin lesions, and reduced weight gain. The most common species are Haematopinus suis and Pediculus spp., which thrive in warm, moist environments and spread through direct contact.
Accurate diagnosis relies on visual inspection of the dorsal and ventral surfaces, especially around the ears, neck, and tail base. Adult lice, nymphs, and eggs (nits) are visible as small, dark‑brown insects attached to hair shafts. Microscopic examination of collected specimens confirms species identification.
Effective control combines chemical treatment, environmental sanitation, and herd management:
- Topical insecticides: Apply a pour‑on or spray formulation containing permethrin (0.5 % w/v) or pyrethrins at the label‑recommended dose. Ensure full coverage of the skin surface; repeat application after 7 days to target emerging nymphs.
- Systemic agents: Administer ivermectin orally (0.2 mg/kg) or injectable (0.2 mg/kg) for rapid elimination of feeding lice. Observe withdrawal times for meat and milk.
- Environmental measures: Clean pens, remove manure, and dry bedding to reduce humidity. Disinfect surfaces with a 1 % solution of chlorhexidine or a quaternary ammonium compound. Rotate bedding material weekly.
- Biological control: Introduce predatory mites (e.g., Cheyletus eruditus) in heavily infested facilities; monitor efficacy weekly.
«Integrated ectoparasite management reduces reinfestation risk». Maintain a treatment schedule, record each application, and adjust dosages based on body weight fluctuations.
Preventive strategies include regular grooming, routine health checks, and limiting contact between newly introduced pigs and the resident herd. Implementing a quarantine period of at least 14 days for incoming animals allows early detection and treatment before integration.