How do you kill lice? - briefly
Effective eradication requires an FDA‑approved pediculicide (e.g., permethrin, pyrethrin, or dimethicone) applied as directed, followed by thorough fine‑tooth combing of wet hair. Wash bedding and clothing at ≥130 °F and isolate personal items for 48 hours to prevent reinfestation.
How do you kill lice? - in detail
Effective eradication of head lice requires a combination of direct treatment, thorough cleaning of personal items, and environmental control. The process begins with selecting an appropriate pediculicide. Over‑the‑counter options contain either permethrin (1 %) or pyrethrin with piperonyl butoxide; both act on the nervous system of the insects, causing paralysis and death. Prescription‑strength agents such as malathion (0.5 %) or benzyl alcohol (5 %) are reserved for resistant infestations. Apply the product according to the label: saturate the scalp, leave the solution for the specified duration (usually 10 minutes), then rinse thoroughly. A second application after seven days eliminates newly hatched nymphs that survived the first treatment.
Mechanical removal supplements chemical therapy. Use a fine‑toothed nit comb on wet, conditioned hair. Starting at the scalp, draw the comb through each section, wiping the teeth after every pass. Repeat the combing process for at least 10 minutes per session, then repeat every 2–3 days for two weeks to capture any remaining lice or eggs.
Environmental measures prevent re‑infestation. Wash all bedding, clothing, and towels used within the previous 48 hours in hot water (≥ 60 °C) and dry on high heat for at least 30 minutes. Items that cannot be laundered should be sealed in a plastic bag for two weeks, the duration required for lice to die without a host. Vacuum carpets, upholstered furniture, and car seats to remove stray nymphs; discard the vacuum bag or clean the canister afterward.
Avoiding cross‑contamination is essential. Do not share combs, hats, scarves, or hair accessories. Inform close contacts—family members, classmates, or caregivers—so they can inspect and treat promptly. Regular inspection of the scalp, especially behind the ears and at the nape, allows early detection and rapid response.
In summary, a comprehensive approach combines a properly applied insecticide, diligent nit combing, rigorous laundering and isolation of personal items, thorough cleaning of the living environment, and strict avoidance of shared hair accessories. Following these steps systematically eliminates the infestation and minimizes the chance of recurrence.