How do lice manifest? - briefly
Lice infestation typically causes persistent scalp itching, often with localized redness or rash. Visible nits attached to hair shafts and a crawling sensation are additional indicators.
How do lice manifest? - in detail
Lice infestation produces a recognizable set of physical signs. The most common indicator is persistent itching on the scalp or body, caused by the insect’s saliva irritating the skin. Scratching often leads to small red or inflamed spots, and secondary bacterial infection may develop if the skin is broken.
Visible evidence appears as live insects or their eggs. Adult head lice are approximately 2–3 mm long, grayish‑brown, and move quickly through hair. Nits—tough, oval shells—are attached firmly to hair shafts near the scalp, usually within a half‑inch of the root. They are often mistaken for dandruff but cannot be brushed away easily.
Another symptom is the presence of small, dark specks on clothing or bedding. These are fecal pellets expelled by the insects, which may appear as tiny black dots on fabric.
A concise checklist of observable manifestations:
- Intense, localized itching, especially behind ears and at the nape of the neck
- Live lice moving on hair or skin
- Nits firmly glued to hair shafts, often at an angle to the strand
- Red or inflamed papules from bites, sometimes with a watery discharge
- Dark fecal stains on personal items, pillows, or clothing
In severe cases, excessive scratching can cause hair loss, crusted lesions, or swollen lymph nodes in the neck region. Prompt identification of these signs enables early treatment and prevents further spread.