How can mature lice be removed? - briefly
Apply a pediculicide to damp hair, then comb out the adult insects with a fine‑toothed nit comb, repeating the treatment after 7–10 days to catch any survivors.
How can mature lice be removed? - in detail
Removing adult head‑lice requires a combination of mechanical and chemical strategies to ensure complete eradication. The process begins with a thorough inspection of the scalp and hair using a fine‑toothed lice comb. Wet the hair with a conditioner or a dedicated combing solution, then run the comb from the scalp outward in sections of 1‑2 cm. Each pass should capture any living insects and their eggs, which must be removed and discarded after each stroke. Repeat this combing at least twice daily for ten consecutive days, as newly hatched nymphs may emerge during this period.
Chemical treatment complements manual removal. Apply a pediculicide approved for adult lice, following the manufacturer’s instructions precisely. Typical active ingredients include permethrin (1 %) or pyrethrin with piperonyl butoxide. After the recommended exposure time, rinse thoroughly and repeat the application after seven to ten days to target any survivors that were protected by the egg shell during the first treatment.
Adjunct measures reduce the risk of reinfestation:
- Wash all bedding, towels, and clothing used within the previous 48 hours in water ≥ 60 °C; if high‑temperature washing is unavailable, seal items in a plastic bag for two weeks.
- Vacuum carpets, upholstery, and vehicle seats to remove detached insects.
- Avoid sharing personal items such as combs, hats, or hair accessories until the infestation is cleared.
For resistant populations, a prescription‑only lotion containing ivermectin or spinosad may be necessary. These agents act on the nervous system of the parasite and are effective against both adults and nymphs. Prior to use, verify contraindications and obtain medical guidance.
Finally, monitor the scalp for at least two weeks after the last treatment. Persistence of live insects or new nits indicates the need for repeat intervention or alternative therapy. Consistent application of the described mechanical and pharmacologic steps achieves full elimination of mature lice.