How can lice be quickly and effectively removed from a child's head? - briefly
Apply an FDA‑approved pediculicide (e.g., 1 % permethrin) as directed, then comb the hair with a fine‑toothed nit comb to remove live insects and eggs, repeating the treatment after 7–10 days to eliminate newly hatched nits. Wash bedding, clothing, and personal items in hot water and vacuum the environment to prevent re‑infestation.
How can lice be quickly and effectively removed from a child's head? - in detail
Removing head‑lice infestations from a child requires a systematic approach that combines chemical or physical treatment, thorough combing, and environmental sanitation.
Begin by confirming the presence of live insects and eggs. Use a bright light and a fine‑toothed louse comb to examine the scalp, focusing on the nape, behind the ears, and the crown. Separate the child’s hair from clothing to prevent cross‑contamination. Gather the necessary supplies: an approved pediculicide (or a non‑chemical alternative), a metal or plastic comb with 0.2 mm teeth, a spray bottle with water, disposable gloves, and clean towels.
Choose a treatment method based on availability and resistance patterns. Over‑the‑counter lotions containing 1 % permethrin or 0.5 % pyrethrin are effective when applied to dry hair, left for the recommended time (usually 10 minutes), then rinsed. Prescription products such as malathion 0.5 % or ivermectin 0.5 % may be required if resistance is suspected. Follow the manufacturer’s instructions precisely; do not exceed the suggested dosage.
After the chemical step, perform wet combing:
- Dampen hair with lukewarm water and a small amount of conditioner.
- Divide hair into sections of 2–3 cm.
- Starting at the scalp, pull the comb through each section from root to tip, wiping the teeth after each pass.
- Remove all visible lice and nits; repeat the process for at least 30 minutes.
Repeat wet combing every 2–3 days for a total of three sessions to capture newly hatched lice.
Sanitize the environment to block re‑infestation. Wash all bedding, hats, scarves, and clothing worn in the previous 48 hours in water ≥ 60 °C, then tumble‑dry on high heat. Seal non‑washable items in a sealed plastic bag for two weeks. Vacuum carpets, upholstered furniture, and car seats; discard the vacuum bag or clean the canister afterward.
Conduct a final inspection one week after the last combing session. If any live lice or viable nits remain, repeat the entire protocol. Document dates of treatment and follow‑up to ensure complete eradication.