How can lice be fought at home? - briefly
Effective home treatment involves applying a pediculicide shampoo or a natural oil such as tea‑tree, leaving it on for the recommended time, then combing hair with a fine‑toothed nit comb to remove lice and nits. Repeat the process after 7‑10 days and wash all bedding and clothing in hot water to prevent re‑infestation.
How can lice be fought at home? - in detail
Effective control of head‑lice infestations in a household requires a systematic approach that combines direct treatment of the affected person, thorough cleaning of personal items, and preventive measures to stop re‑infestation.
First, confirm the presence of live lice or viable nits. Use a fine‑toothed lice comb on damp, conditioned hair, sectioning the scalp to examine each strand. Remove any visible insects and collect the combed material for verification.
Second, apply an approved pediculicide or a non‑chemical alternative. Follow these steps:
- Choose a product that contains 1 % permethrin, 0.5 % pyrethrin, or a silicone‑based lotion approved for use on children over two months.
- Apply the solution according to the manufacturer’s instructions, ensuring complete coverage from scalp to hair tips.
- Leave the treatment on for the recommended duration, typically 10 minutes for chemical agents and 30 minutes for silicone formulations.
- Rinse thoroughly with warm water; do not use hot water, which may irritate the scalp.
If chemical options are unsuitable, use a dimethicone‑based lotion or a heated oil treatment (e.g., olive oil warmed to body temperature). Apply, cover the hair with a plastic cap for 30 minutes, then comb out lice and nits with a fine comb.
Third, perform meticulous combing after treatment. Repeat the combing process every 2–3 days for two weeks, using a fine‑toothed lice comb on dry hair. This mechanical removal eliminates any surviving insects and dislodges newly hatched nits.
Fourth, decontaminate the environment:
- Wash all bedding, towels, and clothing worn within the previous 48 hours in water ≥ 50 °C, then dry on high heat.
- Seal items that cannot be laundered in a sealed plastic bag for at least two weeks.
- Vacuum carpets, upholstered furniture, and car seats; discard vacuum bags or clean canisters promptly.
- Soak hairbrushes, combs, and hair accessories in hot water (≥ 55 °C) for 10 minutes, then dry.
Fifth, implement preventive actions:
- Advise regular head‑checking, especially after sleepovers or group activities.
- Encourage children to avoid sharing hats, hair accessories, or headphones.
- Maintain short hair lengths where feasible, as longer hair provides more habitat for lice.
- Educate household members on the life cycle of the parasite to recognize early signs.
Finally, monitor the situation for at least four weeks after the initial treatment. If live lice are observed despite repeated combing and proper product use, consult a healthcare professional for alternative prescription options.