How can lice be eradicated? - briefly
Use a fine‑toothed nit comb in conjunction with a recommended pediculicide applied according to label directions. Repeat the treatment after 7–10 days to eliminate any newly hatched nymphs.
How can lice be eradicated? - in detail
Effective elimination of head lice requires a systematic approach that combines chemical treatments, mechanical removal, and environmental control.
First‑line therapy involves topical pediculicides approved by health authorities. Permethrin 1 % lotion applied to dry hair for ten minutes, then rinsed, kills most live insects and nymphs. For resistant infestations, 0.5 % malathion or 0.05 % ivermectin lotion may be used, following label instructions to avoid scalp irritation.
Mechanical removal supplements chemicals. After treatment, a fine‑toothed nit comb should be drawn through damp hair from scalp to tips at least twice a day for seven consecutive days. Each pass should be inspected; captured lice and eggs are discarded in sealed bags.
Environmental measures prevent re‑infestation. Wash all clothing, bedding, and towels used within the preceding 48 hours in hot water (≥ 60 °C) and tumble‑dry on high heat. Items that cannot be laundered should be sealed in plastic bags for two weeks or exposed to a temperature of at least 50 °C for thirty minutes. Vacuum carpets, upholstered furniture, and car seats to remove stray nymphs.
A concise protocol for caregivers:
- Apply approved pediculicide according to manufacturer’s timing.
- Comb hair with a nit comb after each application; repeat for seven days.
- Launder or isolate personal items; maintain high‑heat conditions.
- Vacuum and clean living areas regularly.
- Re‑evaluate after two weeks; repeat treatment if live lice are observed.
Monitoring continues until no live insects are detected for three consecutive inspections. Documentation of each step ensures compliance and facilitates follow‑up if resistance emerges.