How can I get rid of water fleas? - briefly
Eliminate water fleas by filtering the aquarium with fine mesh, applying a safe copper‑based treatment or introducing predatory copepods, and performing regular water changes to keep the population from returning.
How can I get rid of water fleas? - in detail
Water fleas, commonly known as Daphnia, proliferate in stagnant or poorly filtered freshwater. Effective eradication requires a combination of physical, chemical, and biological methods.
First, remove the source of excess nutrients. Clean the tank or pond by vacuuming debris, discarding decaying plant matter, and performing a partial water change of at least 25 % every few days until populations decline.
Second, improve filtration and circulation. Install a fine‑mesh filter capable of trapping organisms smaller than 200 µm, and add a water pump or aerator to increase oxygen levels, which discourages rapid reproduction.
Third, apply targeted treatments:
- Temperature shock – raise water temperature to 30‑32 °C for 24 hours, then return to normal. Elevated heat shortens the life cycle and increases mortality.
- Salt dosage – dissolve aquarium‑grade sodium chloride to a concentration of 0.5 g/L; maintain for 48 hours, then perform a thorough flush. Salt disrupts osmoregulation in Daphnia.
- Biological control – introduce predatory species such as small fish (e.g., guppies) or invertebrate predators (e.g., cyclops) that feed on water fleas.
- Chemical agents – use copper‑based algaecides or specific insecticides labeled for Daphnia control, following manufacturer dosage and safety guidelines.
Finally, prevent re‑infestation by establishing a regular maintenance schedule: weekly water changes, monthly filter cleaning, and periodic monitoring of water quality parameters (nitrate, phosphate, pH). Consistent upkeep removes the conditions that favor rapid Daphnia growth, ensuring a long‑term solution.