How can dichlorvos be used to get rid of lice? - briefly
Apply a diluted dichlorvos solution (typically 1–2 % in water) directly to the scalp and hair, leave for the manufacturer‑specified exposure period, then rinse thoroughly. Observe strict safety measures—protective gloves, adequate ventilation, and avoidance of skin contact beyond the treated area—because dichlorvos is a highly toxic organophosphate.
How can dichlorvos be used to get rid of lice? - in detail
Dichlorvos, an organophosphate insecticide, acts by inhibiting acetylcholinesterase, leading to overstimulation of the nervous system in lice and rapid mortality. Effective deployment requires precise formulation, controlled exposure, and strict adherence to safety protocols.
The standard procedure involves the following steps:
- Prepare a 0.5 % solution of dichlorvos in a carrier solvent approved for topical use. Measure 5 mL of the 50 % concentrate and dilute with 495 mL of distilled water or a compatible carrier.
- Apply the solution uniformly to the hair and scalp using a fine‑spray applicator. Ensure complete coverage of all hair shafts and the skin surface, avoiding excess pooling.
- Maintain wet contact for 10–15 minutes. During this period, prevent the subject from rinsing, drying, or covering the treated area.
- Rinse thoroughly with lukewarm water and a mild, non‑oil‑based shampoo to remove residual chemical.
- Dispose of any leftover solution according to hazardous waste regulations; do not reuse.
Safety considerations are mandatory. Dichlorvos is toxic to humans and pets; wear nitrile gloves, protective eyewear, and a respirator rated for organic vapors. Conduct the treatment in a well‑ventilated area, preferably with mechanical exhaust. Do not apply to infants, pregnant individuals, or persons with known sensitivity to organophosphates. Record the exact concentration, exposure time, and batch number for traceability.
Regulatory status varies by jurisdiction. In many countries, dichlorvos is restricted to professional pest‑control operators and is prohibited for over‑the‑counter sale. Verify local legislation before acquisition and use.
Potential drawbacks include rapid degradation of the active ingredient on exposure to light and air, which reduces residual efficacy. Re‑infestation can occur if treatment is not followed by thorough laundering of bedding, clothing, and personal items. Resistance development has been reported in some lice populations; rotating with alternative classes of pediculicides (e.g., pyrethroids, ivermectin) mitigates this risk.
Environmental impact must be addressed. Dichlorvos readily volatilizes and can contaminate indoor air; avoid application in confined spaces without adequate ventilation. Prevent runoff into waterways by containing waste and using absorbent materials during cleanup.
In summary, successful eradication using this organophosphate demands accurate dilution, complete coverage, timed exposure, rigorous safety measures, compliance with legal restrictions, and post‑treatment hygiene to prevent recurrence.