From what can you catch lice? - briefly
Lice are transmitted through direct head‑to‑head contact or by sharing items such as combs, brushes, hats, helmets, scarves, or bedding and clothing that have been in contact with an infested scalp.
From what can you catch lice? - in detail
Lice infestations arise when eggs or live insects are transferred from one host or environment to another. Direct head-to-head contact is the most efficient pathway; the insects crawl from one scalp to another during close physical interaction. Indirect transmission occurs through shared items that retain viable lice or nits, including:
- Combs, brushes, hair accessories, hats, scarves, helmets, and headphones.
- Bedding, pillowcases, towels, and clothing that have been in recent contact with an infested person.
- Upholstered furniture, especially couches and car seats, where insects can survive for several days.
Lice cannot survive more than 24–48 hours away from a human host, limiting the risk associated with inanimate objects. However, prolonged exposure to contaminated fabrics or surfaces increases the likelihood of infestation. Environments with high crowd density—schools, daycare centers, camps, and shelters—facilitate rapid spread due to frequent close contact and shared belongings.
Prevention hinges on minimizing direct scalp contact and restricting the exchange of personal grooming tools and headwear. Regular inspection of hair and immediate treatment of identified cases reduce the overall transmission potential.