Why is an ear mite dangerous for dogs? - briefly
Ear mites irritate the ear canal, causing inflammation, secondary bacterial or fungal infections, and potential hearing loss. Untreated infestations can spread to other animals and deteriorate the dog’s overall health.
Why is an ear mite dangerous for dogs? - in detail
Ear mites (Otodectes cynotis) infest the external ear canal, where they feed on skin debris and wax. Their rapid reproduction can lead to a heavy parasite load within weeks, causing intense irritation. The constant scratching and head shaking damage the delicate skin of the ear canal, creating lesions that may become infected with bacteria or fungi. Secondary infections can spread to surrounding tissues, resulting in swelling, pain, and potential hearing loss.
The presence of mites disrupts the ear’s natural cleaning mechanism. Accumulated wax and debris block ventilation, creating an anaerobic environment that favors pathogenic microorganisms. Chronic inflammation thickens the ear canal walls, making future treatments more difficult and increasing the risk of permanent structural damage.
Key health consequences include:
- Otitis externa – inflammation of the outer ear, often accompanied by foul odor and discharge.
- Secondary bacterial or yeast infection – exacerbates pain and may require systemic antibiotics.
- Hearing impairment – swelling and debris can obstruct sound transmission.
- Dermatitis – scratching spreads mite debris to surrounding skin, causing widespread irritation.
- Systemic effects – severe cases may lead to fever, lethargy, and weight loss due to chronic discomfort and infection.
Early detection and prompt treatment are essential to prevent these complications. Regular ear examinations, especially in puppies and dogs with outdoor access, reduce the likelihood of infestation becoming a serious health issue.