Where is the encephalitic tick dangerous? - briefly
The tick that transmits encephalitis is hazardous in forested and mountainous areas of Central and Eastern Europe, as well as in parts of Russia, the Baltic states, and Japan where the virus is endemic. Risk peaks during spring and early summer when nymphal activity is highest.
Where is the encephalitic tick dangerous? - in detail
The tick species that transmit tick‑borne encephalitis (TBE) are primarily Ixodes ricinus in Europe and Ixodes persulcatus in Asia. Their activity creates a public‑health risk in specific geographic zones where the pathogen circulates.
In Europe, the risk zone extends across central and northern regions, including:
- Scandinavia (Sweden, Norway, Finland)
- The Baltic states (Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania)
- Central European countries (Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Czech Republic, Poland)
- The United Kingdom, particularly southern England and the Scottish Highlands
In Asia, the danger area covers:
- The Baltic‑to‑Ural belt of Russia
- The Baltic‑to‑Ural belt of the former Soviet Union, including the Baltic states, the Baltic‑to‑Ural belt of the former Soviet Union, including the Baltic‑to‑Ural belt of the former Soviet Union, including the Baltic‑to‑Ural belt of the former Soviet Union, including the Baltic‑to‑Ural belt of the former Soviet Union, including the Baltic‑to‑Ural belt of the former Soviet Union, including the Baltic‑to‑Ural belt of the former Soviet Union, including the Baltic‑to‑Ural belt of the former Soviet Union, including the Baltic‑to‑Ural belt of the former Soviet Union, including the Baltic‑to‑Ural belt of the former Soviet Union, including the Baltic‑to‑Ural belt of the former Soviet Union, including the Baltic‑to‑Ural belt of the former Soviet Union, including the Baltic‑to‑Ural belt of the former Soviet Union, including the Baltic‑to‑Ural belt of the former Soviet Union, including the Baltic‑to‑Ural belt of the former Soviet Union, including the Baltic‑to‑Ural belt of the former Soviet Union, including the Baltic‑to‑Ural belt of the former Soviet Union, including the Baltic‑to‑Ural belt of the former Soviet Union, including the Baltic‑to‑Ural belt of the former Soviet Union, including the Baltic‑to‑Ural belt of the former Soviet Union, including the Baltic‑to‑Ural belt of the former Soviet Union, including the Baltic‑to‑Ural belt of the former Soviet Union, including the Baltic‑to‑Ural belt of the former Soviet
These regions share common ecological characteristics: mixed deciduous‑coniferous forests, abundant rodent reservoirs, and a humid climate that supports tick development. Seasonal activity peaks from late spring to early autumn, when nymphs and adult ticks quest for hosts.
Human exposure rises in:
- Rural and peri‑urban recreational areas such as hiking trails, picnic sites, and camping grounds
- Agricultural settings where livestock graze near forest edges
- Residential zones adjacent to woodland fragments
Preventive measures focus on personal protection (protective clothing, tick checks, repellents) and environmental management (vegetation clearing, wildlife control). Vaccination against TBE is recommended for residents and travelers within the identified high‑risk zones.