When is the vaccine against tick-borne encephalitis administered? - briefly
The immunization schedule consists of three injections: the initial dose, a second dose after 1–3 months, and a third dose 5–12 months following the second; thereafter, booster doses are recommended every 3–5 years to maintain protection. This regimen is applied before the tick season in endemic regions.
When is the vaccine against tick-borne encephalitis administered? - in detail
The tick‑borne encephalitis (TBE) vaccine follows a defined immunisation schedule. The primary series consists of two doses: the first dose is given at any convenient time, and the second dose is administered 1 to 3 months later. A third dose, often called the booster of the primary series, is recommended 5 to 12 months after the second dose to achieve long‑term protection.
For individuals at high risk or for rapid protection, an accelerated schedule is available. In this regimen, the second dose is given 2 weeks after the first, and the third dose follows 1 month after the second. This accelerated protocol is typically used for travelers or persons with imminent exposure to endemic areas.
Booster vaccinations maintain immunity. Adults receive a booster every 5 years, while children under the age of 15 require a booster every 3 years. The interval may be extended to 10 years for those with documented sustained antibody levels, but routine practice adheres to the 5‑year interval.
Timing relative to tick season is crucial. Immunisation should be completed before the onset of the active tick period, generally by late spring. Administering the vaccine after the start of the season reduces the window of protection during peak exposure months.
Contraindications include severe allergic reactions to vaccine components and acute febrile illness. Pregnant or lactating individuals may receive the vaccine if the benefit outweighs potential risks, following a medical assessment.
In summary, the schedule comprises:
- First dose: any time before the tick season.
- Second dose: 1–3 months after the first (or 2 weeks in accelerated protocol).
- Third dose: 5–12 months after the second (or 1 month in accelerated protocol).
- Booster: every 5 years for adults, every 3 years for children.