What to use if you have lice? - briefly
Use an over‑the‑counter pediculicide (e.g., 1 % permethrin or pyrethrin‑piperonyl‑butoxide shampoo) according to label instructions and repeat the dose after 7–10 days. Follow with meticulous wet‑combing using a fine‑tooth lice comb and wash all bedding, clothing, and personal items in hot water.
What to use if you have lice? - in detail
If lice are present on a person’s scalp, the first step is to apply an approved pediculicide. Over‑the‑counter options contain either pyrethrin combined with piperonyl‑butoxide or a synthetic pyrethroid such as permethrin 1 %. Apply the product to dry hair, follow the label’s timing instructions, then rinse thoroughly. For resistant infestations, a prescription medication—malathion 0.5 % or ivermectin 0.5 % lotion—offers a higher efficacy rate. Use these agents only as directed; excessive exposure can cause skin irritation.
After chemical treatment, remove remaining nits with a fine‑toothed lice comb. Work the comb through damp hair from the scalp outward, wiping each tooth clean before each pass. Repeat combing every 2–3 days for at least two weeks to capture newly hatched nits.
Environmental control reduces re‑infestation risk. Wash clothing, bedding, and towels used within the previous 48 hours in hot water (≥ 130 °F) and dry on high heat. Items that cannot be laundered should be sealed in a plastic bag for two weeks or placed in a freezer at –4 °F for 24 hours. Vacuum carpets, upholstered furniture, and vehicle seats to remove stray hairs that may contain viable eggs.
If chemical products are unsuitable—due to allergy, age restrictions, or personal preference—consider non‑chemical measures. Dimethicone‑based lotions coat the lice, immobilizing them without toxicity. Essential‑oil blends (e.g., tea‑tree, neem) have limited evidence and should be used only after confirming safety for the individual.
A comprehensive approach includes:
- Approved pediculicide (OTC or prescription) applied per label.
- Systematic nit removal with a fine comb, repeated for two weeks.
- Laundry and environmental decontamination.
- Alternative silicone‑based or botanical preparations when necessary.
Adhering to this protocol maximizes eradication and minimizes the chance of recurrence.