What to do when there are lice in the head? - briefly
Apply a 1 % permethrin shampoo or lotion according to the label, let it act for the specified period, then comb the hair with a fine‑toothed nit comb to remove lice and nits. Wash bedding, clothing, and personal items in hot water and repeat the treatment after 7–10 days to prevent recurrence.
What to do when there are lice in the head? - in detail
A head‑lice infestation requires prompt, systematic action to eliminate parasites and prevent re‑colonization.
First, confirm the presence of lice or nits by parting hair close to the scalp and inspecting with a fine‑toothed comb. Live insects move quickly; nits appear as oval, cemented shells attached to hair shafts, usually within a centimeter of the scalp.
Next, begin treatment without delay:
- Apply an approved pediculicide – choose a product containing 1 % permethrin, 0.5 % malathion, or a dimethicone‑based formula. Follow label instructions precisely regarding dosage, application time, and washing off.
- Comb thoroughly – after the recommended exposure period, use a fine‑toothed lice comb on damp, conditioned hair. Divide hair into sections, comb from scalp to tip, and wipe the comb after each pass. Repeat the combing session at least twice daily for seven days to capture newly hatched nymphs.
- Repeat medication – most over‑the‑counter treatments require a second application 7–10 days after the first to eradicate any surviving eggs.
Simultaneously, decontaminate personal items and the environment:
- Wash bedding, clothing, and towels used within the previous 48 hours in water ≥ 60 °C, then tumble‑dry on high heat.
- Seal non‑washable items (e.g., hats, hair accessories) in a sealed plastic bag for two weeks, the lifespan of a louse away from a host.
- Vacuum carpets, upholstery, and vehicle seats to remove stray insects and shed nits.
Monitor progress by re‑examining hair every 2–3 days. If live lice persist after two full treatment cycles, consult a healthcare professional for prescription‑strength options such as ivermectin lotion or oral therapy.
Finally, adopt preventive measures to reduce future risk:
- Encourage regular head checks in schools or childcare settings.
- Advise against sharing combs, hats, or hair accessories.
- Maintain short hair where feasible, as longer strands provide more attachment sites.
By executing these steps methodically, the infestation can be eradicated efficiently and recurrence minimized.