What to do if a cat has lice? - briefly
Identify the infestation, isolate the cat, and apply a veterinarian‑prescribed topical lice treatment. Then clean bedding, grooming tools, and the living area to prevent re‑infestation.
What to do if a cat has lice? - in detail
A lice infestation in a feline requires prompt identification, treatment, and environmental control. First, confirm the presence of parasites by examining the coat and skin. Adult lice appear as small, tan or gray insects moving quickly across the fur; eggs (nits) are attached to hair shafts near the base. Look for excessive scratching, hair loss, or a gritty sensation when running fingers through the coat.
Next, isolate the affected animal to prevent spread to other pets. Keep the cat in a separate room, using a washable blanket or towel as bedding. Limit contact with other animals until treatment is completed and the environment is decontaminated.
Consult a veterinarian without delay. A professional can differentiate lice from fleas, mites, or skin infections and prescribe appropriate medication. Common prescription options include:
- Topical spot‑on products containing insecticidal agents such as selamectin or fipronil, applied directly to the skin at the base of the neck.
- Oral antiparasitic tablets (e.g., afoxolaner) that reach lice through the bloodstream.
- Medicated shampoos formulated with pyrethrins or pyrethroids, used for a thorough bath followed by careful rinsing.
Apply the chosen treatment exactly as directed. For spot‑on or oral medications, observe the dosing interval and repeat the dose if the veterinarian advises a second application to break the lice life cycle. For shampoos, lather the entire coat, leave the solution on for the recommended time, then rinse thoroughly to avoid skin irritation.
Environmental sanitation is essential. Wash all bedding, blankets, and towels in hot water (≥60 °C) and dry on high heat. Vacuum carpets, rugs, and upholstered furniture, discarding the vacuum bag or cleaning the canister afterward. Treat the surrounding area with a safe insecticide spray or fogger if advised by the veterinarian, focusing on cracks, crevices, and pet‑frequented zones.
Monitor the cat for at least two weeks after treatment. Continue to check for live insects or nits during grooming sessions. If signs persist, return to the veterinarian for reassessment; a secondary infestation or resistant strain may require an alternative medication.
Maintain regular preventive care. Routine use of veterinarian‑approved flea and tick preventatives often provides cross‑protection against lice, reducing the likelihood of future infestations.