What to apply to a child's head for lice?

What to apply to a child's head for lice? - briefly

Apply an FDA‑approved pediculicide, such as 1 % permethrin shampoo, following the product’s directions, then comb the hair with a fine‑tooth nit comb to remove lice and eggs. If resistance is suspected, consider a prescription treatment like 0.5 % malathion or benzyl alcohol lotion under medical supervision.

What to apply to a child's head for lice? - in detail

Effective treatment of head‑lice infestation in children requires a product that kills the insects, is safe for the scalp, and includes clear instructions for repeat application. The most widely used options fall into three categories: over‑the‑counter (OTC) pediculicides, prescription medicines, and non‑chemical methods.

  • OTC pediculicides

    • Permethrin 1 % lotion or shampoo – apply to dry hair, leave for 10 minutes, rinse, then repeat after 7–10 days.
    • Pyrethrin‑based products – use with a fine‑tooth comb, follow label for 10‑minute exposure, repeat in one week.
    • Dimethicone 4 % lotion – coat hair thoroughly, leave for 10 minutes, rinse; no repeat needed for most cases.
  • Prescription agents

    • Malathion 0.5 % lotion – apply to dry hair, leave for 8–12 hours, wash out; repeat after 7 days.
    • Benzyl alcohol 5 % lotion – apply to dry hair, leave for 10 minutes, rinse; repeat after 7 days.
    • Ivermectin 0.5 % lotion – apply to dry hair, leave for 10 minutes, rinse; single dose often sufficient.
  • Non‑chemical approach

    • Wet combing – wet hair with conditioner, use a fine‑tooth nit comb, pull lice and nits from scalp, repeat every 2–3 days for at least 10 days.

Additional measures to prevent re‑infestation: wash bedding, hats, and hair accessories in hot water (≥ 130 °F) or seal in plastic bags for two weeks; vacuum carpets and upholstered furniture; avoid sharing combs and headgear.

When selecting a product, consider the child’s age, any known skin sensitivities, and local resistance patterns. Follow the manufacturer’s dosage guidelines precisely; overdosing does not improve efficacy and may increase irritation. After treatment, inspect the scalp daily for live lice or viable nits and continue removal until none remain.