What should you do when you have head lice? - briefly
Apply an approved lice treatment (e.g., permethrin or pyrethrin shampoo) and meticulously comb the hair with a fine-toothed nit comb to remove live insects and eggs. Then wash bedding, clothing, and personal items in hot water and vacuum the environment to prevent re‑infestation.
What should you do when you have head lice? - in detail
If you discover lice on a scalp, begin treatment immediately to prevent spread. First, select an appropriate pediculicide. Over‑the‑counter products containing permethrin (1 %) or pyrethrin combined with piperonyl butoxide are effective when applied according to the label. For resistant cases, a prescription lotion with ivermectin or malathion may be required; obtain it from a healthcare professional.
Next, follow the application instructions precisely. Typically, the product is applied to dry hair, left for the recommended duration (often 10 minutes), then rinsed thoroughly. Do not use hot water, which can reduce efficacy. After washing, use a fine‑toothed nit comb to remove live insects and nits. Comb the hair in sections, starting at the scalp and moving outward, wiping the comb after each pass. Repeat the combing process for several minutes per section.
A second treatment is essential because some eggs hatch after the first application. Perform the repeat dose according to the product’s schedule, usually 7–10 days after the initial use. During this interval, wash all personal items that may harbor lice: pillowcases, towels, hats, hairbrushes, and clothing. Use hot water (≥ 130 °F/54 °C) and a high‑heat dryer cycle; items that cannot be laundered should be sealed in a plastic bag for two weeks.
Inspect all close contacts—family members, classmates, and caregivers. If any show signs of infestation, treat them simultaneously to avoid reinfestation. Inform schools or daycare centers so they can implement appropriate measures, such as notifying other families and conducting screenings.
Maintain vigilance for at least four weeks. Perform weekly nit comb checks, even if no lice are visible, and repeat treatment if any live insects are found. Document the dates of each application and the results of inspections to track progress.
If symptoms persist despite proper treatment, consult a medical professional. Possible reasons include resistance to the chosen product, incorrect application, or secondary skin irritation requiring additional care.