What should you do if you have lice on the head? - briefly
Apply an FDA‑approved lice treatment, comb the hair thoroughly with a fine‑tooth nit comb, repeat the application after 7–10 days, and launder all bedding, clothing, and personal items in hot water.
What should you do if you have lice on the head? - in detail
If you discover head‑lice infestation, begin treatment immediately to prevent spread and reduce discomfort.
First, confirm the presence of live insects and their eggs (nits) by parting the hair close to the scalp and examining the strands with a fine‑tooth comb. Nits appear as tiny, oval, yellow‑brown shells attached firmly to the hair shaft; live lice are small, grayish insects that move quickly.
Next, select an appropriate pediculicide. Over‑the‑counter products containing permethrin 1 % or pyrethrin with piperonyl butoxide are effective for most cases. Follow the label instructions precisely: apply the lotion or shampoo to dry hair, cover the scalp for the recommended duration, then rinse thoroughly. For resistant infestations, prescription options such as ivermectin or malathion may be required; consult a healthcare professional before use.
After the initial application, remove nits manually. Use a fine‑tooth nit comb, working in sections from the scalp outward. Comb each segment several times, wiping the comb with a disposable tissue after each pass. Repeat this process daily for at least ten days, covering the period when newly hatched lice emerge.
Clean personal items and the environment to eliminate residual organisms. Wash clothing, bedding, and towels used within the previous 48 hours in hot water (≥ 130 °F/54 °C) and tumble‑dry on high heat. Items that cannot be laundered should be sealed in a plastic bag for two weeks or placed in a freezer at –4 °F (–20 °C) for 24 hours. Vacuum carpets, upholstery, and car seats to remove stray lice and nits.
Inform close contacts—family members, classmates, and caregivers—so they can inspect their hair and begin preventive measures if necessary. Encourage them to avoid sharing combs, hats, helmets, or other headgear until the infestation is resolved.
Finally, monitor the situation. Inspect the scalp every few days for several weeks. If live lice persist after two treatment cycles, seek medical advice for alternative therapies or combination regimens. Maintaining vigilance and adhering to the outlined steps will eradicate the infestation efficiently and minimize recurrence.