What should I do if a rabbit has ear mites? - briefly
Inspect the ears for dark debris and inflammation, then schedule a veterinary appointment for diagnosis and appropriate antiparasitic treatment such as topical ivermectin or selamectin to eradicate «ear mites».
What should I do if a rabbit has ear mites? - in detail
Ear mites (Psoroptes cuniculi) are common parasites that colonize the external ear canal of rabbits, causing irritation, inflammation, and possible secondary infection. Early detection relies on observing signs such as excessive scratching, head shaking, dark crusty debris in the ear canal, and a foul odor. A veterinary otoscopic examination confirms the presence of live mites or characteristic debris.
The treatment protocol includes the following steps:
- Veterinary diagnosis – Obtain a professional assessment to rule out other ear conditions and to receive a prescription appropriate for rabbits.
- Medication administration – Apply a rabbit‑safe acaricide (e.g., selamectin, ivermectin, or a topical otic solution containing pyrethrins) according to the veterinarian’s dosage schedule. Repeat applications may be required after 7–10 days to eradicate newly hatched mites.
- Ear cleaning – Prior to medication, gently flush the ear with a warm saline solution or a prescribed ear cleanser. Use a soft cotton ball to remove crusts, avoiding deep insertion that could damage the tympanic membrane.
- Environmental control – Wash bedding, cages, and any accessories with hot water and a mild disinfectant. Treat all rabbits in the same household simultaneously, as mites spread rapidly.
- Follow‑up examination – Schedule a re‑check after the treatment course to ensure complete resolution. Persistent debris or itching may indicate incomplete eradication or a secondary bacterial infection requiring antibiotics.
Prevention focuses on hygiene and regular health monitoring. Clean cages weekly, provide dust‑free bedding, and inspect ears during routine handling. Avoid use of over‑the‑counter products not approved for lagomorphs, as toxicity can be severe.
If symptoms reappear after successful treatment, immediate veterinary consultation is essential to assess possible reinfestation or complications such as otitis externa. Prompt and thorough intervention minimizes discomfort and protects the rabbit’s auditory health.