What should I do if a child has lice? - briefly
First, confirm the infestation, apply an FDA‑approved pediculicide, comb out nits, and launder bedding, clothing, and personal items in hot water, then repeat the treatment after 7–10 days to eliminate any newly hatched lice. Also, examine close contacts and inform the school to prevent further spread.
What should I do if a child has lice? - in detail
When a child is found to have head lice, immediate action reduces spread and eases discomfort. First, confirm the infestation by examining the scalp with a fine-toothed comb under bright light; live insects or viable nits attached within ¼ inch of the hair shaft indicate treatment is necessary.
Next, select an appropriate pediculicide. Over‑the‑counter products containing 1 % permethrin or 0.5 % pyrethrin are effective when applied according to the label. For resistant cases, a prescription of 0.5 % malathion or oral ivermectin may be warranted; consult a healthcare professional before use.
Apply the chosen medication to dry hair, covering the scalp and extending to the tips. Follow the specified exposure time—typically 10 minutes—then rinse thoroughly. Do not reuse the same product within a month to avoid resistance.
After treatment, remove remaining nits with a fine-toothed comb. Work in sections, combing each strand from root to tip, wiping the comb after each pass. Repeat this combing process every 2–3 days for two weeks to capture any newly hatched lice.
Simultaneously, address personal items and the environment. Wash the child’s bedding, clothing, and towels in hot water (≥ 130 °F) and tumble‑dry on high heat. Items that cannot be laundered should be sealed in a plastic bag for two weeks or placed in a freezer at 0 °F for 24 hours. Vacuum carpets, upholstered furniture, and car seats; discard vacuum bags afterward.
Inform caregivers, teachers, and anyone with close contact about the situation so they can inspect their own children and take preventive measures. Encourage regular scalp checks at least weekly for the next month.
Finally, monitor the child for signs of treatment failure—persistent itching, visible lice, or nits after the second week. If symptoms persist, repeat the treatment with a different active ingredient or seek medical advice for alternative therapies.