What should be given to a child who has been bitten by a mite? - briefly
Administer an oral antihistamine appropriate for the child’s age, such as cetirizine or diphenhydramine, to reduce itching and inflammation, and apply a mild topical corticosteroid or calamine lotion to the affected area. Ensure hydration and monitor for signs of secondary infection, seeking medical care if symptoms worsen.
What should be given to a child who has been bitten by a mite? - in detail
When a child experiences a mite bite, immediate measures focus on relieving itching, reducing inflammation, and preventing infection. Clean the affected area with mild soap and lukewarm water, then pat dry. Apply a thin layer of a soothing antiseptic, such as povidone‑iodine or chlorhexidine, to minimize bacterial colonisation.
Pharmacologic relief includes:
- Oral antihistamines (e.g., cetirizine 5 mg for children 2–5 years, loratadine 10 mg for ages 6 and above) taken every 12 hours to control pruritus.
- Topical corticosteroids of low potency (hydrocortisone 1 % cream) applied twice daily for up to three days to diminish erythema and swelling.
- Non‑steroidal anti‑inflammatory gels (e.g., diclofenac 1 % gel) as an alternative for children who cannot tolerate steroids.
If the bite develops a pustule or shows signs of secondary infection—pus, increasing warmth, or expanding redness—administer an appropriate topical antibiotic (e.g., mupirocin 2 % ointment) and consider a short course of oral antibiotics prescribed by a physician.
Hydration and comfort are essential. Offer regular fluids and ensure the child avoids scratching, which can exacerbate skin damage. Use protective gloves or soft mittens for toddlers who cannot control their hands.
Monitor the child for systemic reactions. Seek urgent medical attention if any of the following occur: difficulty breathing, swelling of the face or tongue, widespread rash, or persistent fever.
Preventive steps after treatment include:
- Washing bedding, clothing, and upholstered furniture in hot water (≥ 60 °C) to eradicate residual mites.
- Vacuuming carpets and mattresses thoroughly, followed by a 24‑hour isolation period for the vacuum bag.
- Applying a hypoallergenic dust‑mite cover to pillows and mattresses.
- Maintaining indoor humidity below 50 % to discourage mite proliferation.
These interventions collectively address symptom relief, infection control, and recurrence prevention for pediatric mite bites.