What should be done if there are lice in the hair? - briefly
Treat the infestation with an FDA‑approved lice medication, following the product’s timing and dosage instructions. After application, comb the hair with a fine‑toothed nit comb to remove eggs, then repeat the treatment after 7–10 days to eliminate any newly hatched lice.
What should be done if there are lice in the hair? - in detail
Lice infestations require immediate, systematic action. First, confirm the presence of live insects or viable eggs by parting the hair close to the scalp and inspecting the strands with a fine-toothed comb. Visible nits attached within a few millimeters of the scalp indicate an active problem.
Next, select an appropriate pediculicide. Over‑the‑counter products containing 1 % permethrin or 0.5 % malathion are effective when applied according to the package instructions. For resistant cases, prescription‑only options such as 0.05 % ivermectin lotion may be necessary. Apply the medication to dry hair, cover the scalp, and leave it for the recommended duration before rinsing thoroughly.
After treatment, comb the hair with a metal nit comb while it is still wet. Perform this process at least twice, spaced 7–10 days apart, to remove any surviving nits. Repeat the entire application if live lice are observed within a week.
Environmental decontamination limits re‑infestation. Wash all bedding, clothing, and towels used in the previous 48 hours in hot water (≥ 60 °C) and tumble‑dry on high heat. Items that cannot be laundered should be sealed in plastic bags for two weeks or placed in a freezer at –20 °C for 24 hours. Vacuum carpets, upholstered furniture, and car seats; discard the vacuum bag afterward.
Finally, educate all household members about avoiding head‑to‑head contact and sharing personal items such as combs, hats, or headphones. Schedule a follow‑up inspection after two weeks to verify complete eradication. If lice persist despite repeated treatment, consult a healthcare professional for alternative therapies.