What should be done about lice? - briefly
Apply an FDA‑approved pediculicide to hair following label directions and launder clothing, bedding, and personal items in hot water. Re‑inspect all close contacts and repeat treatment after seven days to eradicate any remaining nits.
What should be done about lice? - in detail
Head lice infestations require prompt detection and decisive action. Examine the scalp and hair for live insects, nits attached close to the scalp, and itching. Early identification limits spread and reduces treatment duration.
Effective eradication combines chemical and mechanical methods.
- Over‑the‑counter pediculicides containing 1 % permethrin or 0.5 % pyrethrin applied to dry hair, left for the recommended time, and rinsed off.
- Prescription‑strength agents such as 0.5 % malathion or oral ivermectin for resistant cases.
- Fine‑toothed lice combs used on wet, conditioned hair to remove nits; repeat combing every 2–3 days for two weeks.
- Second‑round application of the chosen topical product 7–10 days after the first dose to eliminate newly hatched lice.
Environmental control prevents re‑infestation. Wash all bedding, hats, scarves, and hair accessories in hot water (≥ 130 °F) and dry on high heat. Items that cannot be laundered should be sealed in plastic bags for two weeks. Vacuum carpets, upholstered furniture, and car seats; discard or disinfect combs and brushes by soaking in hot water for 10 minutes.
Monitor the affected individuals and close contacts for at least four weeks. Perform weekly scalp inspections; retreat immediately if live lice reappear. Educate caregivers and school personnel on proper detection, treatment protocols, and the necessity of completing the full treatment cycle.